A Stradivarius or Strad is one of the violins, cellos, and other stringed instruments built by members of theStradivari (Stradivarius) family, particularly Antonio Stradivari, during the 17th and 18th centuries. According totheir reputation, the quality of their sound has defied attempts to explain or equal it, though this belief isdisputed.[1] The name “Stradivarius” has become a superlative often associated with excellence; to be called“the Stradivari” of any field is to be deemed the finest there is. The fame of Stradivarius instruments iswidespread, appearing in numerous works of fiction.
Construction
While Stradivari’s techniques have long been up for debate[citation needed] and not fully understood by moderncraftsmen and scientists, it is known for certain that the wood used included
spruce for the top, willow for theinternal blocks and linings, and maple for the back, ribs, and neck. There has been conjecture that this woodwas treated with several types of minerals, including potassium borate (borax), sodium and potassium silicate,and vernice bianca, a varnish composed of gum arabic, honey, and egg white. He made his instruments usingan inner form, unlike the French copyists, such as Vuillaume, who employed an outer form. It is clear from thenumber of forms throughout his career that he experimented with some of the dimensions of his instruments.[2]
A recent study in PLOS One found no significant differences in median densities between modern andclassical violins, or between classical violins from different origins. These results suggest that it is unlikelyclassical Cremonese makers had access to wood with significantly different wood density characteristics thanthat available to contemporaneous or modern makers.[3]
Market value
A Stradivarius made in the 1680s, or during Stradivari’s ‘Long Pattern’ period from 1690 to 1700, could beworth hundreds of thousands to several million U.S. dollars at today’s prices. The 1697 Molitor[4] Stradivarius,once rumored to have belonged to Napoleon Bonaparte (it did belong to a general in his army, Count Gabriel-Jean-Joseph Molitor), sold in 2010 at Tarisio Auctions to violinist Anne Akiko Meyers for $3,600,000, at thetime a world record.[5][6]
Depending on condition, instruments made during Stradivari’s “golden period” from 1700 to about 1725[7] canbe worth millions of dollars. In 2011, his “Lady Blunt” violin from 1721, which is in pristine condition, was soldat Tarisio auctions for
Categories: Articole de interes general
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