Ambrogio Lorenzetti‘s Madonna and Child (1319) depicts swaddling bands. Swaddling is an age-old practice ofwrapping infants in blankets or similar clothso that movement of the limbs is tightlyrestricted. Swaddling bands were oftenused to further restrict the infant. Swaddlingfell out of favor in the seventeenth century. Some authors are of the opinion thatswaddling is becoming popular again,although the medical and psychologicaleffects of swaddling are in dispute. Somemodern medical studies indicate thatswaddling assists babies to sleep, and toremain asleep; and that supine sleep lowersthe risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome(SIDS).[1] However, one recent studyindicated that swaddling increased the riskof SIDS.[2] Additionally emerging evidenceis showing certain swaddling techniquesmay increase the risk of developmentaldysplasia of the hip.[3] Origin and history Several authors presume that swaddling was invented in the paleolithic.[4] In Europe theearliest depictions of swaddled babies are votive offerings and grave goods from Creteand Cyprus, 4000 to 4500 years old. Swaddled babies. Votive offerings fromAgia Triada (Crete), Bronze age, 2600-2000 BC., Heraklion (Iraklion), Crete.Archeological museum Iraklion Native American baby of the Nez Percetribe, photographed by Edward S. Curtis,1911 Votive statuettes have been found in thetombs of Ancient Greek and Romanwomen who died in childbirth, displayingbabies in swaddling clothes. In shrinesdedicated to Amphiaraus, modelsrepresenting babies wrapped in swaddlingclothes have been excavated. Apparently,these were frequently given as thank-offerings by anxious mothers when theirinfants had recovered from sickness.[5] Probably the most famous record ofswaddling is found in the New Testamentconcerning the birth of Jesus in Luke 2:6-2:7: “ And so it was, that, whilethey were there, the dayswere accomplished that sheshould be delivered. Andshe brought forth herfirstborn son, and wrappedhim in swaddling clothesand laid him in a manger;because there was no roomfor them in the inn. ” Swaddling clothes described in the Bibleconsisted of a cloth tied together bybandage-like strips. After an infant wasborn, the umbilical cord was cut and tied,and then the

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